from "fee" to "tax", with the publication of "expanding the implementation measures of water resources tax reform pilot" at the end of last year, this means that enterprises are forced to save water and control unreasonable water use behavior, while further promoting the recycling of reclaimed water. especially in the case of non-conventional water sources such as reclaimed water from sewage treatment, rainwater, underground saline water, brackish water and desalinated seawater, water resources tax can be exempted or reduced.
as a fundamental way to alleviate the shortage of water resources, reclaimed water is not the first time in top-level design. according to the requirements of the action plan on water pollution prevention and control, by 2020, the utilization rate of reclaimed water in water-deficient cities will reach more than 20%, and that in beijing, tianjin and hebei will reach more than 30%.
in the 13th five-year plan for the construction of urban sewage treatment and recycling facilities, the scope of reclaimed water utilization has been further expanded: by the end of 2020, the utilization rate of reclaimed water in cities and counties will be further improved, and other cities and counties will strive to reach 15% except for water shortage. since then, the market of reclaimed water will be released strongly.
the so-called reclaimed water is also known as "intermediate water", that is, wastewater or rainwater after appropriate treatment to meet certain water quality standards, meet certain use requirements and then form useful water. the water after deep purification of municipal sewage treatment facilities (including the water after secondary treatment of sewage treatment plants and further treatment of large buildings, bathing water in living communities, vegetable washing water and other centralized treated water) is collectively referred to as "intermediate water". because its water quality is between tap water (upper water) and sewage (sewage) discharged into the pipeline, it is called "intermediate water".
at the treatment process level, "reclaimed water" treatment often removes suspended matter, color, odor and dissolved salt in water through the combination of physical, physical, chemical and biological technology paths. especially at present, the membrane technology has been popularized in the "reclaimed water" reuse system, and the "reclaimed water" quality has also been greatly improved. for the "reclaimed water" with strict reuse standard requirements, after the main treatment unit, post-treatment is usually added. usually, it needs to be filtered, activated carbon adsorption, membrane treatment, disinfection and other treatment steps to make the drainage meet the reuse standard.
compared with seawater desalination and inter-basin water transfer, the performance-price ratio of "medium water" has obvious advantages. with the increase of primary water supply resource fee and water supply cost, and the decrease of cost brought by technological progress of "reclaimed water", under the influence of economic leverage such as water rights trading, reclaimed water may be better than primary water supply in most of the domestic regional economy.
repeated test data show that converting 100 million tons of wastewater into fresh water can reduce the discharge of 30,000 tons of cod and 0.1 million tons of ammonia nitrogen. and 80% of the urban water supply is converted into sewage. after collection and treatment, 70% of the "reclaimed water" can be reused. this means that through sewage reuse, the available water in cities can be increased by at least 50% while the existing water supply remains unchanged.
in the future, the key to the promotion of "reclaimed water" will lie in cost control and standardization standards. due to the high cost of reverse osmosis technology and the limited underground water network and pumping station, it is difficult to introduce safe and reliable domestic water into residential areas and families after treatment. industrial enterprises are often regarded as the most realistic customer clusters in the recycled water market because of the large water consumption, increasing emission costs and strong economic strength.
therefore, if fresh water can be clearly defined in policy, especially in standards, the industry will further break through price restrictions and further release the market driven by policies such as resource tax.
according to the 13th five-year plan for the construction of urban sewage treatment and recycling facilities in china, the investment of reclaimed water during the 13th five-year plan period was about 15.8 billion yuan, with the treatment scale reaching 41.58 million tons per day, an increase of 56.7% compared with the current one.
according to e20 research institute, by 2020, china's urban renewable water production capacity will be close to 49 million cubic meters per day, of which the urban renewable water production capacity will exceed 45 million cubic meters per day, and the county renewable water production capacity will be close to 2.9 million cubic meters per day.
driven by the decline of step water price and recycled water process cost, the annual compound growth rate of the "reclaimed water" operation market is expected to reach 20% in the next three years. correspondingly, the overall investment in the construction of urban reclaimed water facilities will exceed 25 billion yuan, and the scale of "reclaimed water" operation market will be close to 8 billion yuan.
source: polaris environmental protection network
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