in order to promote the healthy development of cities and enhance the effectiveness of urban environmental protection, the most critical measure is to do a good job of urban sewage treatment, and then contribute to the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society. relevant departments should carefully analyze the importance of urban sewage treatment in environmental engineering, and put forward suggestions to optimize sewage treatment according to the actual requirements of sewage treatment and characteristics of urban construction, so as to smoothly promote the construction of sewage treatment environmental engineering.
1 introduction
whether it is people's daily life or industrial production, a lot of sewage will be produced in the process of using water. the sewage contains a large number of oxygen-consuming pollutants, pathogenic pollutants and plant nutrients. once the sewage is discharged into lakes, rivers or soil without treatment, there will be environmental pollution problems such as cyanobacteria pollution or water pollution. other sewage pollutes the environment, which is difficult to repair.
sources and classification of urban sewage in environmental engineering
the sources of urban sewage in environmental engineering are mainly industrial production wastewater and people's daily life wastewater, which make the wastewater discharged from production activities. the quality of wastewater discharged from industrial production differs greatly, not only has high concentration, but also contains a lot of toxicity. it is very difficult to solve the problem through technical means or processes in the process of treatment. often, it fails to meet the emission requirements. the sewage in people's daily life makes domestic sewage, which contains less organic matter, suspended matter and pathogenic microorganisms, but the quality of domestic sewage is relatively stable and the concentration of sewage is low. in addition, part of urban sewage in environmental engineering is composed of rainfall runoff formed by precipitation or melting ice and snow. some cities use the same drainage pipeline for urban sewage and precipitation runoff to carry out unified sewage treatment. once the problem of large precipitation and weak transportation capacity of drainage pipeline occurs, a large amount of rainwater will spill out of the pipeline and pollute the water body of the city.
importance of urban sewage treatment in environmental engineering
3.1 meeting the needs of environmental protection
an important result of sewage treatment is that it can turn waste into treasure, that is to say, in the process of sewage treatment, it can recycle the nutrients contained in it, and effectively improve economic and social benefits. water resources are indispensable resources for human survival and development, but sewage will endanger human life and health, and will cause serious pollution to the surrounding environment, which will lead to a series of adverse consequences. in the development of urban environmental engineering, we should pay attention to sewage treatment and actively improve the measures of sewage treatment, which can form a good protection of water resources and create good conditions for the sustainable development of the city and the harmonious coexistence between man and nature.
3.2 increasing the utilization rate of water resources
effective treatment of urban sewage can optimize the utilization of water resources and improve the overall utilization rate of water resources. in the process of sewage treatment, harmful substances such as parasites and microorganisms will be disposed of, so that sewage can be recovered and reused; sludge extracted from sewage treatment equipment can be used as organic fertilizer in farmland to maximize the utilization rate of water resources; sewage can be recycled after effective treatment, so it can contain the current situation. at the same time, the problems of water shortage and resource waste should be solved to expand the space of sewage treatment.
3.3 reflect the level of urbanization development
in the process of urbanization, environmental protection has always been in a crucial position, even equal to economic development, because only by properly handling the relationship between environmental protection and economic development, can the sustainable development of the economy be fundamentally guaranteed. municipal sewage treatment needs to deal with the polluted water resources from many aspects based on the reality, which means that the level of urban development will affect the level of sewage treatment, and the effect of sewage treatment can directly reflect the level of urban development and the stage of urban construction. thus, urban sewage treatment has prominent value in the development of environmental engineering and urban construction. only when we realize the importance of sewage treatment, can we create good conditions for the harmonious and sustainable development of the city.
4. technology used in municipal sewage treatment in environmental engineering
4.1 effective methods for urban sewage treatment in environmental engineering
nowadays, the technology of urban sewage treatment in environmental engineering in china mainly includes chemical treatment, physical treatment and biological treatment.
different ways of municipal sewage treatment, the relative scope of application is also different, according to the actual situation of municipal sewage appropriate choice. first, chemical treatment technology. compared with physical treatment technology, this technology is a new type of sewage treatment method. the chemical nature of this technology is strong. workers should select appropriate chemical solution and put it into municipal sewage, so that harmful substances in sewage can be fully dissolved. this sewage treatment technology is more convenient and simple. it is also very ideal for the effect of municipal sewage treatment. however, chemical treatment technology can only be used in municipal wastewater with single pollutant, and the scope of application is relatively small. physical treatment technology is suitable for sewage treatment with larger polluting solvents. it mainly uses water quality screening and interception to treat municipal wastewater. compared with chemical treatment technology, physical treatment technology has a stronger professional nature. when using the treatment technology, professional staff should help and guide; finally, biological treatment technology.
4.2 recycling and utilization of municipal sewage in environmental engineering
nowadays, the process of urbanization in our country is faster and faster. with the increase of city scale and population flow, more and more sewage is discharged in cities. therefore, the smaller the degree of urban sewage pollution, the more likely it will be recycled, and the more likely it will alleviate the current scarcity of water resources in china. ultrafiltration membrane filtration technology is widely used in the field of urban sewage recovery and utilization in environmental engineering. ultrafiltration membrane filtration technology can be used to more scientifically filter common urban sewage in environmental engineering, such as sewage from urban sewage pipelines, domestic water for residents and ground precipitation. in addition, ultrafiltration membrane filtration technology can also eliminate substances and microorganisms harmful to human body caused by municipal sewage in environmental engineering, so that the filtered municipal sewage can meet the corresponding discharge standards. at the same time, it can complete a good cycle of water supply to urban residents through the treatment of water works, so that the reuse of urban water resources can be made and the use can be made. efficiency can be maximized.
4.3 physical treatment technology of municipal sewage in environmental engineering
physical treatment technology of municipal sewage in environmental engineering refers to the fact that municipal sewage contains larger suspended matter, which is intercepted and separated from nap by filtration and screening. it can be said that this is the beginning step of urban sewage treatment. in addition, besides the sewage screening and filtering device, the staff can also treat the suspended matter of municipal sewage by means of precipitation, air flotation and centrifugation. among these treatment methods, air flotation is a kind of physical treatment technology with good utilization effect and comprehensive, especially for the urban sewage containing oil pollution, the treatment effect of oil isolation is the best.
4.4 biological treatment technology of municipal sewage in environmental engineering
municipal sewage biological treatment technology in environmental engineering refers to the transformation of colloidal or dissolved organic pollutants in municipal sewage into stable and harmless substances through the daily metabolic function of microorganisms. according to the aerobic or anaerobic participation in the treatment process, the biological treatment technology of municipal wastewater is divided into anaerobic treatment technology and aerobic treatment technology; according to the growth of microorganisms in the municipal wastewater treatment bioreactor, the biological treatment technology of municipal wastewater is divided into the adherence growth treatment technology with biofilm as the main body and the suspension growth treatment with activated sludge as the main body. technology. as far as anaerobic treatment technology is concerned, anaerobic treatment technology is the preferred treatment technology for municipal wastewater treatment in old urban areas and villages because of its small volume, flexible scale, simple treatment means and low energy consumption. however, the pollution concentration of domestic sewage in urban villages and old urban areas is low, which limits the widespread use of traditional anaerobic treatment technology in urban village domestic sewage treatment. therefore, the relevant staff should address the key factor restricting anaerobic treatment technology - low temperature. urban sewage with low concentration of pollutants can not produce enough heat to make anaerobic bacteria grow stably during nitrification. therefore, in the low temperature environment, it is necessary to increase energy to maintain heat balance. and the improvement of this process makes the sewage of the village in the city better treated.
5 conclusion
in short, in the current treatment of municipal wastewater in environmental engineering, we should consider the improvement of the quality of municipal wastewater, at the same time, we should also consider the energy and resource utilization of pollutants contained in municipal wastewater, and efficiently carry out the treatment, recovery and utilization of municipal wastewater.
